On the face of it, Dr. Sam Vankin's site, Prodigy as Narcissistic Injury, seems to give some basic psychoanalytical insights about child prodigy the grand treatment here.

"The prodigy – the precocious "genius" – feels entitled to special treatment. Yet, he rarely gets it. This frustrates him and renders him even more aggressive, driven, and overachieving than he is by nature."

They become either an under-achiever because they feel their genius is such that exertion is below them, or an over-achiever out of vengeance on the envious people around them. Either way, they become intolerable individuals, "overweening and arrogant."

Please comment if you have read his work in any more depth.